abstract：BACKGROUND:The U.S. Preventive Services Task Force recommends that Americans lower dietary fat and cholesterol intake and increase fiber and fruit/vegetables to reduce prevalence of heart disease, cancer, stroke, hypertension, obesity, and non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus in the United States. To provide prevent...

journal_title：American journal of preventive medicine

authors： Block G,Gillespie C,Rosenbaum EH,Jenson C

更新日期：2000-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：INTRODUCTION:Environmental and policy approaches to promote physical activity, such as walking trail construction and promotion, are being widely recommended, yet sparse data exist on their effectiveness. In conjunction with ongoing community-intervention projects in Missouri, walking trails are being built, promoted, ...

journal_title：American journal of preventive medicine

authors： Brownson RC,Housemann RA,Brown DR,Jackson-Thompson J,King AC,Malone BR,Sallis JF

更新日期：2000-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Studies suggest that women are at greater risk than men for sports and training injuries. This study investigated the association between gender and risk of exercise-related injuries among Army basic trainees while controlling for physical fitness and demographics. METHODS:Eight hundred and sixty-one traine...

journal_title：American journal of preventive medicine

authors： Bell NS,Mangione TW,Hemenway D,Amoroso PJ,Jones BH

更新日期：2000-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：INTRODUCTION:Injuries inflict the largest health impact on military populations in terms of hospitalization. Hospitalized injuries result in the largest direct costs of medical care and the most lost workdays, include the largest proportion of disabling injuries, and have the largest impact on troop readiness. Efforts ...

journal_title：American journal of preventive medicine

authors： Smith GS,Dannenberg AL,Amoroso PJ

更新日期：2000-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：OVERVIEW:Based on a review of the current literature and recommendations, the American College of Preventive Medicine presents a public policy statement on needle-exchange programs. ...

journal_title：American journal of preventive medicine

authors： Ferrini R

更新日期：2000-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:Although sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) cause tremendous health and economic burdens in our society, awareness and knowledge regarding STDs remain poor among health care providers. To examine missed opportunities for STD-related counseling, diagnosis and treatment, we investigated how frequently U.S. a...

journal_title：American journal of preventive medicine

authors： Tao G,Irwin KL,Kassler WJ

更新日期：2000-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：INTRODUCTION:Project Graduate Ready for Activity Daily evaluated a program to promote physical activity through the transition of university graduation in a randomized controlled trial. METHODS:Three hundred thirty-eight university seniors participated in either a cognitive-behavioral intervention course or a knowledg...

journal_title：American journal of preventive medicine

authors： Calfas KJ,Sallis JF,Nichols JF,Sarkin JA,Johnson MF,Caparosa S,Thompson S,Gehrman CA,Alcaraz JE

更新日期：2000-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:This paper describes the methods used in the Guide to Community Preventive Services: Systematic Reviews and Evidence-Based Recommendations (the Guide) for conducting systematic reviews of economic evaluations across community health-promotion and disease-prevention interventions. The lack of standardized met...

journal_title：American journal of preventive medicine

authors： Carande-Kulis VG,Maciosek MV,Briss PA,Teutsch SM,Zaza S,Truman BI,Messonnier ML,Pappaioanou M,Harris JR,Fielding J

更新日期：2000-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This article discusses some of the public health practice needs that would be met by the Guide to Clinical Preventive Services (GCPS) and highlights some of the challenges that lie ahead in using the recommendations to actually improve the health of the population and communities. Overall, the discussions indicate th...

journal_title：American journal of preventive medicine

authors： Kohatsu ND,Melton RJ

更新日期：2000-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：CONTENT:Six policy tools for building health education and preventive counseling into managed care are presented, and the opportunities and barriers to implementing each are described based largely on managed care plans operating in California in 1998. The six policy tools include (1) covering health education and prev...

journal_title：American journal of preventive medicine

authors： Schauffler HH

更新日期：1999-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：INTRODUCTION:The effectiveness of low-cost smoking interventions targeted to pregnant women has been demonstrated, although few gains in absolute cessation rates have been reported in the past decade. Under conditions of typical clinical practice, this study examined whether outcomes achieved with brief counseling from...

journal_title：American journal of preventive medicine

authors： Ershoff DH,Quinn VP,Boyd NR,Stern J,Gregory M,Wirtschafter D

更新日期：1999-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：INTRODUCTION:This paper describes the evaluation of a skin cancer prevention program for preschools and daycare centers. The intervention was targeted primarily at staff of child care centers, with the aim of increasing use of sun protection practices for young children while attending these centers. Secondary target g...

journal_title：American journal of preventive medicine

authors： Crane LA,Schneider LS,Yohn JJ,Morelli JG,Plomer KD

更新日期：1999-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：INTRODUCTION:Cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk screening may rely partly on self-report information. The accuracy of self-reporting in relation to the actual risk factor status is insufficiently known. DESIGN:Self-report (yes, no, don't know) of presence of hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and overweight was compared to ...

journal_title：American journal of preventive medicine

authors： Johansson J,Hellénius ML,Elofsson S,Krakau I

更新日期：1999-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of enrollment in a community-based public health nursing program, Communities Caring for Children (CCC), on infant immunization rates in rural Minnesota. The program involved health education, a registry, and a reminder system. DESIGN:The evaluation was a...

journal_title：American journal of preventive medicine

authors： Hellerstedt WL,Olson SM,Oswald JW,Pirie PL

更新日期：1999-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:The purpose of this study was to estimate, using meta-analysis, pooled odds ratios for the effects of smoking on five pregnancy complications: placenta previa, abruptio placenta, ectopic pregnancy, preterm premature rupture of the membrane (PPROM), and pre-eclampsia. METHODS:Published articles were identifi...

journal_title：American journal of preventive medicine

authors： Castles A,Adams EK,Melvin CL,Kelsch C,Boulton ML

更新日期：1999-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：CONTEXT:The discovery of the HFE gene in 1996 has introduced DNA testing as a possible tool for screening and diagnosis of hemochromatosis and increased interest in the disorder. Population screening using transferrin saturation has been advocated by experts to permit early detection and treatment with phlebotomy befor...

journal_title：American journal of preventive medicine

authors： Cogswell ME,Burke W,McDonnell SM,Franks AL

更新日期：1999-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:To determine if ignition interlock devices reduce driving while intoxicated (DWI) recidivism. SEARCH STRATEGIES:Cochrane Collaboration search strategies were used. SELECTION CRITERIA:Studies for selection examined the effectiveness of interlock programs in a defined population. Studies were required to have...

journal_title：American journal of preventive medicine

authors： Coben JH,Larkin GL

更新日期：1999-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Health care providers and purchasers of health services have an opportunity to improve patient care and potentially save costs through the wise purchase of interactive health communication applications for patients and employees. Purchasing decisions based on evaluation and evidence should drive the design and develop...

journal_title：American journal of preventive medicine

authors： Jimison H,Adler L,Coye M,Mulley A Jr,Eng TR

更新日期：1999-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：INTRODUCTION:Lifestyle physical activity interventions have resulted in response to the public health problem of promoting regular amounts of physical activity to the majority of U.S. adults who remain inadequately or completely inactive. These lifestyle interventions allow a person to individualize his/her physical ac...

journal_title：American journal of preventive medicine

authors： Dunn AL,Andersen RE,Jakicic JM

更新日期：1998-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:The long-standing difference in infant mortality in the United States between black and white infants has increased in recent years. To help identify the cause, we evaluated changes in birthweight distributions (BDs) and birthweight-specific mortality rates (BSMRs) among black and white infants born in the U...

journal_title：American journal of preventive medicine

authors： Carmichael SL,Iyasu S

更新日期：1998-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：INTRODUCTION:The purpose of this paper is to provide an overview of federal data systems that report national data on fatal and nonfatal firearm-related injuries and associated risk factors and behaviors. RESULTS:There are 13 federal data systems that provide useful information for national surveillance of firearm-rel...

journal_title：American journal of preventive medicine

authors： Annest JL,Mercy JA

更新日期：1998-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:To test the feasibility and effectiveness of a diet intervention (consisting of interactive mailings, computer-generated phone calls, and classes) in hypercholesterolemic low-income public clinic patients. METHODS:Clinic patients with serum cholesterol > 200 mg/dl, referred by their primary care physician w...

journal_title：American journal of preventive medicine

authors： Hyman DJ,Ho KS,Dunn JK,Simons-Morton D

更新日期：1998-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：INTRODUCTION:Physicians have a unique role to play in the prevention of elder suicide, yet they may not be sufficiently attentive to the prominence of firearms in the rising trend in suicide by elder persons. This study sought to examine the extent to which physicians inquired about firearms with their depressed and su...

journal_title：American journal of preventive medicine

authors： Kaplan MS,Adamek ME,Rhoades JA

更新日期：1998-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Evidence-based evaluations of clinical preventive services help define priorities for research in prevention as part of primary health care. In this article, we draw on our experiences with the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) to outline some major areas where research is needed to define the appropriate u...

journal_title：American journal of preventive medicine

authors： Atkins D,DiGuiseppi CG

更新日期：1998-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Violence among youths is an important public health problem. Between 1985 and 1991, homicide rates among youths 15-19 years of age increased 154% and remain, today, at historically high levels. This paper reviews the major trends in homicide victimization and perpetration among youths over the last decade, the key ris...

journal_title：American journal of preventive medicine

authors： Dahlberg LL

更新日期：1998-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:It is possible that nurses can help close the gap between the Healthy People 2000 clinical preventive services goals and current cancer screening rates by collecting Pap test specimens in clinical practices. The purpose of this analysis was to determine whether nurses can collect high-quality Pap tests. DES...

journal_title：American journal of preventive medicine

authors： Kottke TE,Trapp MA

更新日期：1998-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The transformation to managed care is one of the most important and complex changes ever to take place in the American health system. One key aspect of this transformation is its implications for public health policy and practice. Both public and private buyers purchase managed care; increasingly, public programs that...

journal_title：American journal of preventive medicine

authors： Rosenbaum S

更新日期：1998-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：INTRODUCTION:Geographic and racial/ethnic variability in prostate cancer incidence rates and stage distribution may be partly attributed to differences in screening and early detection. METHODS:Using California Cancer Registry data we aimed to characterize variability in prostate cancer rates statewide and to examine ...

journal_title：American journal of preventive medicine

authors： Delfino RJ,Ferrini RL,Taylor TH,Howe S,Anton-Culver H

更新日期：1998-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:This study describes opportunistic smoking-cessation counseling and compares strategies used in general practice to experts' recommendations. METHODS:In this observational study we analysed 157 videotaped consultations with self-reported smokers, visiting 70 Australian general practitioners (GPs) who were r...

journal_title：American journal of preventive medicine

authors： Humair JP,Ward J

更新日期：1998-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：INTRODUCTION:This is a preliminary report from a research collaboration between Asian Health Services (community health center); Koreans in Alameda County, California; and the University of California at Berkeley School of Public Health. This five-year Centers for Disease Control and Prevention project supports a colla...

journal_title：American journal of preventive medicine

authors： Chen AM,Wismer BA,Lew R,Kang SH,Min K,Moskowitz JM,Tager IB

更新日期：1997-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:We examine the utility of pooling data from the 1987 through 1994 Maryland Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance system (BRFSS) surveys in order to increase sample size, and we investigate the social and demographic correlates of smoking in Maryland among 18-24-year-olds. METHODS:The data are from 1,714 subje...

journal_title：American journal of preventive medicine

authors： Astone NM,Alexander C,Joffe A,Kanarek N

更新日期：1997-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：INTRODUCTION:Injuries are a leading cause of morbidity among pregnant women. We compared injuries among pregnant women and all women of reproductive age in a large defined population. METHODS:Maryland hospital discharge data files from 1979-1990 were used to identify injuries in pregnant women and in all women 15-44 y...

journal_title：American journal of preventive medicine

authors： Greenblatt JF,Dannenberg AL,Johnson CJ

更新日期：1997-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Patient satisfaction has become a measure of the quality of health care, and in highly competitive markets like the Twin Cities metropolitan area of Minnesota, it has become a health plan marketing tool. The purpose of this analysis is to examine whether the known association between preventive services and ...

journal_title：American journal of preventive medicine

authors： Kottke TE,Solberg LI,Brekke ML,Cabrera A,Marquez M

更新日期：1997-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：INTRODUCTION:The National Asthma Campaign (NAC) was formed in 1990 as a coalition of the key professional organizations concerned with asthma and its management in Australia. It has conducted multifaceted educational activities targeting health care professionals, people with asthma, and the general public. Between Nov...

journal_title：American journal of preventive medicine

authors： Comino EJ,Bauman A,Mitchell CA,Ruffin RE,Antic R,Zimmerman PV,Gutch RC

更新日期：1997-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:We investigated whether the source and emphasis of mailed messages about skin cancer would differentially activate patients to initiate skin cancer prevention by calling a toll-free number. METHODS:We mailed a questionnaire to 981 randomly selected patients of a large medical group to assess their concern a...

journal_title：American journal of preventive medicine

authors： Gerbert B,Wolff M,Tschann JM,McPhee SJ,Caspers NM,Martin MJ,Saulovich A

更新日期：1997-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：INTRODUCTION:It is well known that attrition and noncompliance in longitudinal health intervention studies contribute to bias in both internal and external validity. However, little is known about rates and correlates of compliance with measurement protocols among Latinos. This article investigates correlates of compli...

journal_title：American journal of preventive medicine

authors： Frack SA,Woodruff SI,Candelaria J,Elder JP

更新日期：1997-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：INTRODUCTION:Proof of effectiveness now exists for many health promotion and disease prevention practices, yet the importance of this knowledge is not widely appreciated, and a large percentage of the population does not receive this care. Universities with comprehensive academic medical centers are particularly approp...

journal_title：American journal of preventive medicine

authors： Hornsby PP,Reeve RH,Gwaltney JM Jr,Parsons BD,Morse RM

更新日期：1997-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:The English medical literature for the past decade lacks any reports on Papanicolaou (Pap) test status among inner-city adolescent girls. Our objectives were (1) to assess the pattern of Pap test status among inner-city adolescent girls and (2) to ascertain the association of the Pap test status with their k...

journal_title：American journal of preventive medicine

authors： Najem GR,Batuman F,Smith AM

更新日期：1996-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:Previously published reports strongly suggest that being overweight is a risk factor for coronary heart disease, hypertension, diabetes, gallstones, and osteoarthritis in women. Substantial health care and medication costs are associated with these chronic health conditions. We used an incidence-...

journal_title：American journal of preventive medicine

authors： Gorsky RD,Pamuk E,Williamson DF,Shaffer PA,Koplan JP

更新日期：1996-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：INTRODUCTION:Public health research on cancer and socioeconomic status (SES) has shown that higher SES is related to greater access to services. Using neighborhood-level measures of SES, we test hypotheses related to stage of breast and cervical cancer diagnosis. METHODS:SEER data on women diagnosed with breast or cer...

journal_title：American journal of preventive medicine

authors： Breen N,Figueroa JB

更新日期：1996-09-01 00:00:00